Definition of Mood: Mood is the manner in which an action in a sentence
denoted by the Verb is represented.
Examples:
He gave
me a book (Assertive)
Please
give
me a book (Request)
If
you give me a book, I shall give you a pen
(Condition)
Note:
The same verb ‘give’ express the
different meaning in those sentences.
Kinds of Mood:
1.
Finite
A) Indicative Mood
B) Imperative Mood
C) Subjective Mood
2.
Infinite
A) Infinitive
a) Simple/Noun Infinitive.
b) Gerundial/Qualifying Infinitive.
c) Perfect Infinitive.
d) Split Infinitive.
B) Participle
a) Present Participle.
b) Past Participle.
c) Perfect Participle.
C) Gerund
Details on Mood:
Indicative Mood: A Verb which
makes a statement of fact or asks a question, or expresses a supposition which
is assumed as a fact, is in the Indicative Mood.
Examples:
He is
a boy.
We do
not play.
Is he
laughing?
Do
you know it?
Imperative Mood: A Verb which
expresses a command, an exhortation, an entreaty or prayer, is in the
Imperative Mood.
Examples:
Do
the work.
O
God, save our soul.
Please,
give me a glass of water.
Subjective Mood: A Verb which
expresses a purpose, condition, or doubt is in the Subjective Mood.
Examples:
He
may be in the station now.
If
you move, you will die.
We
eat so that we may live.
Infinitive: Actually ‘to + verb (present form)’ is called
Infinitives.
Examples:
I
want to do it.
We
like to
play.
They
want to
see.
Simple/Noun Infinitive: When
Infinitive works as a noun then it is called Simple/Noun Infinitives.
Examples:
To
tell a lie
is a sin.
I
want to
go.
The
man is about to die.
Gerundial/Qualifying Infinitive: When
Infinitive works as an adjective or adverb then it is called
Gerundial/Qualifying Infinitive.
Examples:
She
came to
see me.
I am
sorry to disturb you.
You
can take my book to read for only a week.
Perfect Infinitive: ‘to + have +
verb (past participle)’ this form of Infinitive is called Perfect
Infinitive.
Examples:
I am
sorry to have disturbed you.
I
hoped to have helped you.
She
wanted to have completed reading the book.
Split Infinitive: ‘to + adverb + verb’ this form of Infinitive is
called Split Infinitive.
Examples:
He
told me to firmly believe it.
I
told him to quickly do the work.
Participle: A participle
is that form of the verb which partakes of the nature both of a Verb and of an
Adjective.
Examples:
We
met the girl carrying a basket of flowers.
Loudly
knocking
at the gate, he demanded admission.
The
child came to its mother running.
Present Participle: A present
participle is that form of the verb which ends in –ing and has the force of an Adjective
and a Verb. Its represents an action as going on or incomplete or imperfect.
Examples:
Do
not get on the running bus.
Bring
me the floating flower.
Do
not disturb a sleeping dog.
Past Participle: A past
participle is that form of the verb which ends in –ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
and represents a completed action or state of the thing spoken of. It works as
an adjective in a sentence.
Examples:
Blinded by a dust storm, they fell into
disorder.
Driven
by hunger, he
stole a piece of bread.
We
saw a few trees laden with fruits.
Perfect Participle: A perfect
participle is that form of the verb which starts with- Having + Past Participle form of Verb. It represents an action as
completed at some past time.
Examples:
Having eaten rice, he went to bed.
Having said this he went away.
Having rested, we continued our
journey.
Gerund: A Gerund is that form of the verb
which ends in –ing, and has the force of a Noun and a Verb.
Examples:
I
like reading poetry.
Playing cards is not allowed here.
He is
fond of hoarding money.
Thank You