Tense



NAME
SUBJECT
AUXILIARY  VERB
MAIN  VERB
VERB+
OBJECT
Present Indefinite
Subject

Verb(Present)              
s/es
Object
Past Indefinite
Subject

Verb(Past)                   

Object
Future Indefinite
Subject
will
Verb(Present)              

Object
Present Continuous
Subject
am/is/are 
Verb(Present)
ing
Object
Past Continuous
Subject
was/were 
Verb(Present)
ing
Object
Future Continuous
Subject
will be     
Verb(Present)
ing
Object
Present Perfect
Subject
have/has  
Verb(Past Participle)   

Object
Past Perfect
Subject
had
Verb(Past Participle)   

Object
Future Perfect
Subject
will have   
Verb(Past Participle)   

Object
Present Perfect Continuous
Subject
Have/ has been
Verb(Present)              
ing
Object
Past Perfect Continuous
Subject
Had been
Verb(Present)              
ing
Object
Future Perfect Continuous
Subject
Shall/will have been
Verb(Present)              
ing
Object

























Definition of Tense:
Which denotes time of a verb is called Tense.

Kinds of Tense: There are three kinds of Tense.
1.      Present Tense.
A.     Present Indefinite Tense.
B.     Present Continuous Tense.
C.     Present Perfect Tense.
D.     Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
2.      Past Tense.
A.     Past Indefinite Tense.
B.     Past Continuous Tense.
C.     Past Perfect Tense.
D.     Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
3.      Future Tense.
A.     Future Indefinite Tense.
B.     Future Continuous Tense.
C.     Future Perfect Tense.
D.     Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

Details on Tense:

Present Tense: A verb that refers to present time is said to be in the Present Tense.
Examples:      
I write.
He loves.

Past Tense: A verb that refers to past time is said to be in the Past Tense.
Examples:      
I wrote.
He loved.

Future Tense: A verb that refers to future time is said to be in the Future Tense.
Examples:      
I shall write.
He will love.

Present Indefinite: Present Indefinite tense denotes an action in the present time or habitual truth or eternal truth.
Examples:      
He plays cricket. (S/es - when the subject is 3rd person singular number)
They play cricket.
He reads the newspaper.

Past Indefinite: Past Indefinite tense is used to denote an action completed in the past or a past habit.
Examples:      
He played cricket.
They went to the school.
I saw the man.

Future Indefinite: Future Indefinite tense is used when an action will be done or will happen in future.
Examples:      
He will play cricket.
I shall do the job.
They will never do the work.

Present Continuous: Present Continuous tense is used when an action is continued or going to be continued in near future.
Examples:      
He is playing cricket. (Is - when the subject is 3rd person singular number)
I am playing cricket. (Am - when the subject is only I)
They are playing cricket. (Are - when the subject is 3rd person plural number)

Past Continuous: Past Continuous tense is used when the action was continued for some time in the past.
Examples:      
He was playing cricket. (Was - when the subject is singular number)
They were playing cricket. (Were - when the subject is plural number)
You were doing the sum.

Future Continuous: Future Continuous tense is used when an action is thought to be going on in the future.
Examples:      
He will be playing cricket.
I shall be taking tea.
She will be going to market.

Present Perfect: Present Perfect tense is used when the work has been done but its effect lasts.
Examples:
He has played cricket. (Has - when the subject is 3rd person singular number)
I have played cricket. (Have - when the subject is I, You and They)
They have gone there.

Past Perfect: Past Perfect tense is used in the former action between two completed actions of the past. Simple past is used in the later action.
Examples:      
He had played cricket.
I had done it.
You had seen the bird.

Future Perfect: Future Perfect tense is used to indicate the completion of an action by a certain time in the future.
Examples:      
He will have played cricket.
I shall have eaten rice.
They will have gone there.

Present Perfect Continuous: The Present Perfect Continuous tense is used for an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing.
Examples:
I have been doing this work for two days. (For – when the time is indefinite)
She has been reading in this school for three years.
He has been suffering from fever since/from Sunday last. (since/for – when the time is definite)
He has been working here since/from 1987.

Past Perfect Continuous: Past Perfect tense is used for an action that began before a certain point in the past and continued upto that time.
Examples:
We had been playing before the train started.
Mr. Roy had been teaching there for five years.
They had been playing.

Future Perfect Continuous: Future Perfect Continuous tense is used when the doer will have been doing the work by a certain future time.
Examples:
We shall have been living here for three years.
I shall have been doing the work before my father comes.
He will have been studying at Oxford when he gets his degree.

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